ADR-Daksh Survey Report for Orissa region

The Association for Democratic Reforms (ADR) has conducted the largest ever survey in India with over 250,000 respondents in 530 Lok Sabha constituencies. The larger purpose of the survey is to highlight voter priorities so that elections in future are fought on voter issues, and more importantly, the manifestos of future Governments reflect voter priorities.

In Orissa, the purpose of the survey was multi-fold:

  1. To Rate MPs from the state on a Scale of 10
  2. To know Top 10 pressing issues for voters in the state
  3. To know voting behaviour of people
  4. To know what is the role of caste, religion, crime and money power in elections

The findings of the survey:

Rating of MPs: The voters have rated the performance of MPs as Good, Average or Bad on governance issues like employment, water, electricity, roads, food, education and health.

The average performance rating of 21 MPs from Orissais 5.93 on a scale of 10Only twoMPs from Orissa haveperformed above average (Average Value of Performance = 6.67 points).

The highest scoring MP from Orissa is Prasanna Kumar Patasani of BJD fromBhubaneswar constituency with 7.95 points(Above average). On 2nd position is Pinaki Misra of BJDfromPuriconstituency with 7.60 points(Above average)and on the 3rd positionYashbanta Narayan Singh Laguri of BJDfrom Keonjhar constituency with 6.61 points.The lowest scoring MP fromOrissa is Mohan Jenaof BJDfromJajpurconstituency with4.49rating.

The survey has also tried to identify the gap between voters' expectations on governance issues and performance of MPs on those issues. If the expectation of voters score is more than the performance score it means voters are unhappy. And if expectation of voters score is less than the performance of MPs then voters are actually happy. 
Only 2MPs from Orissahave exceeded the expectation of people.

Please see the Table I (A) for individual performance rating of all the MPs from Orissa.(While 'Performance of MP' column shows the actual rating of MPs, the 'Expectations of voters on Governance issues' column shows people's expectations from their MPs on a scale of 10) Table I (B)is the graphical representation of 'Performance Ratings of MPs by Voters on Important Issues'.

Top 10 pressing issues for voters. To identify what are voter priorities in terms of governance issues like water, electricity, roads, food, education and health, a list of 30 items was given to voters and they were asked to rate whether a particular issue was High, Medium, or Low. This list was comprehensive as less than 5% said that there were "other issues" beyond the list.

In Orissa, Drinking Water, Better Roads and Better Hospitals/ Primary Healthcare Centres are the Top 3 issues about which people are most concerned.

Please see Table II to know the overall 10 most pressing issues for the people of Orissa which they want their MPs to focus on, Table III for top 10 issues in rural areas of the state andTable IV to know top 10 issues in urban areas.

S.No.Nameof the ConstituencyPartyName of MPPerformance of MPImportance of Issues for VotersAveragePerformance
118-BhubaneswarBJDPrasanna Kumar Patasani7.958.81AboveAverage
217-PuriBJDPinaki Misra7.607.46AboveAverage
34-KeonjharBJDYashbanta Narayan Singh Laguri6.619.25BelowAverage
412-NabarangpurINCPradeep Kumar Majhi6.488.40BelowAverage
52-SundargarhINCHEMANAND BISWAL6.376.51BelowAverage
66-BalasoreINCSrikanta Kumar Jena6.275.89BelowAverage
719-AskaBJDNityananda Pradhan5.949.49BelowAverage
811-KalahandiINCBhakta Charan Das5.859.19BelowAverage
915-KendraparaBJDBaijayant Panda5.817.02BelowAverage
1020-BerhampurBJDSidhant Mohapatra5.776.98BelowAverage
113-SambalpurINCAmarnath Pradhan5.778.66BelowAverage
121-BargarhINCSanjay Bhoi5.737.54BelowAverage
139-DhenkanalBJDTathagata Satpathy5.707.53BelowAverage
1421-KoraputBJDJayaram Pangi5.667.88BelowAverage
157-BhadrakBJDArjun Charan Sethi5.617.39BelowAverage
1614-CuttackBJDBhartruhari Mahtab5.578.12BelowAverage
1716-JagatsinghpurCPIBibhu Prasad Tarai5.478.10BelowAverage
1813-KandhamalBJDRudra Madhab Ray5.378.18BelowAverage
195-MayurbhanjBJDLaxman Tudu5.297.69BelowAverage
2010-BolangirBJDKALIKESH NARAYAN SINGH DEO5.168.52BelowAverage
218-JajpurBJDMohan Jena4.498.87BelowAverage
 Odisha  5.937.98 

Table –I (A)

Table –I (B)

Performance-Rating-of-MPs-by-Voters-orrisa

Overall Top 10 issues for Orissa:

Table –II (A)

1IDrinking water8.45
2IBetter roads8.42
3IBetter hospitals / Primary HealthcareCentres8.41
4IBetter schools8.37
5IBetter public transport8.35
6IBetter electric supply8.34
7IBetter Law and Order / Policing8.22
8IEmpowerment of Women8.18
9ISecurity for women8.11
10ITraining for jobs7.96
11ISubsidized food distribution7.96

Table –II (B)

Top-Issues-orissa

Table –II (C)

Next-5-Issues-orissa

Top 10 issues in Rural areas:

Table –III (A)

1IDrinking water8.46
2IBetter roads8.43
3IBetter hospitals / Primary Healthcare Centres8.42
4IBetter schools8.38
5IBetter public transport8.37
6IBetter electric supply8.34
7IBetter Law and Order / Policing8.22
8IEmpowerment of Women8.16
9ISubsidy for seeds and fertilizers8.13
10ISecurity for women8.09
11ITraining for jobs7.96

Table –III (B)

Top-Rural-Issues-orissa

Table –III (C)

Next-5-Issues-rural-orissa

Top 10 issues in Urban areas:

Table –IV (A)

1IDrinking water8.40
2IBetter hospitals / Primary Healthcare Centres8.36
3IBetter electric supply8.33
4IBetter roads8.32
5IBetter schools8.31
6IEmpowerment of Women8.26
7IBetter public transport8.25
8IBetter Law and Order / Policing8.23
9ISecurity for women8.20
10ISubsidized food distribution8.02
11IReservation for jobs and education7.98

Table –IV (B)

Top-Urban-Issues-orrisa

Table –IV (C)

Next-5-Issues-urban-orissa

The voting behavior of people in Orissa

The survey tried to identify the important factors that people take into account before voting for a particular Candidate. Issue like whether the Candidate matters the most or his Political Party or other issues like Caste/Religion of the Candidate, PM Candidate of the party, and Distribution of 'gifts' etc. are more important? 

People in Orissa gave more importance to the Party than the Candidate, followed by the PM candidatefrom the party and then the Caste/Religionof the candidate.

Role of caste, religion, crime and money power in elections.  
The survey also tried to identify if voters are aware of the use of money and muscle power in elections. Specifically, whether they are aware of distribution of gifts and money by candidates before polls or they have the knowledge about the criminal record of their candidates.

It was observed that nearly 70 per centof people in Orissa is well aware that distribution of gifts and money by candidates ahead of elections is illegal. However, only 26 per centpeople knew that they can get an information about the criminal records of their candidates easily.

What is also observed that over 67 per centpeople in Orissais ready to ignore the criminal record of their candidates because they feel such candidates have done "good work."Whereas around 30per cent of people vote for candidates facing criminal charges because they were of their own Caste/ Religion.

Please see the Table V to find out important factors which people consider before voting for a candidate and what weightage (points) they give to each of the factors:

Table –V (A)

StateOdisha
  
Why people vote: 
Party>6.66
Candidate>6.64
PM Candidate>4.91
Caste/religion>4.47
Distribution of 'gifts'>4.16
Yes/No "knowledge and opinion questions": Do you know 
Do you Know "Gifts" for vote is illegal>69.70%
Do you Know Candidates distributing 'gifts'>27.43%
Do you Know You can get candidate criminal record>25.98%
Why do people vote for those with serious criminal records: 
Candidate does good work>67.04%
Powerful Candidate>44.21%
Spending in elections>42.67%
Cases not serious>39.83%
Voters don't know>39.63%
Caste or religion>29.72%

Table –V (B)

Why-People-Vote-orissa

Table –V (C)

Knowledge-and-Opinion-orissa

Table –V (D)

Why-people-vote-for-Criminal-candidates-orissa

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